NIST Technicalendar June 1 to June 5, 2009 The NIST Technicalendar is issued each Friday. All items MUST be submitted electronically from this web page by 12:00 NOON each Wednesday unless otherwise stated in the NIST Technicalendar. The address for online weekly editions of the NIST Technicalendar and NIST Administrative Calendar is: http://www.nist.gov/tcal.

In this Issue: Meetings at NIST Meetings Elsewhere Announcements Talks by NIST Personnel NIST Web Site Announcements NIST Administrative Calendar (current)   NIST Vacancy Announcements (current)

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2:30 PM - "EUV Lithography: The Transition to High Volume Manufacturing for the Next Generation Lithography"

No Scheduled Events

No Scheduled Events

1:30 PM - Ted Madey: Boy Scout, Friend, Scientist Superb, Shrewd Operator, or All of the Above?
3:00 PM - Bioprinting Three-Dimensional Liver Cell-Embedded Tissue Analogs for In Vitro Drug Study

3:00 PM - 3D nanoscopy with a double-helix microscope

6/1 -- MONDAY

2:30 PM - ELECTRON AND OPTICAL PHYSICS DIVISION SEMINAR: "EUV Lithography: The Transition to High Volume Manufacturing for the Next Generation Lithography"
Extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) is the leading candidate for the "next-generation lithography" which will replace optical deep-ultraviolet lithography (DUVL) for production of leading edge semiconductor circuits in about 2012. EUVL differs from DUVL in many important ways that have created major technological challenges for the lithography tool manufacturers. ASML, one of the world's leading producers of DUVL steppers, has been a pioneer in the R&D for EUVL and has built the first pre-production, full-field alpha tools now being used by industry as they get ready to enter a new era and continue following the trajectory of Moore's law into the second decade of the 21st century. Ms. Harned will provide an overview of the challenges that have been addressed and the status of the technology and its realization in a system that will be shipped to leading IC manufacturers in H2 2010.
Noreen Harned , Vice President of Marketing Technology, & New Business, ASML NV, Wilton, CT.
Radiation Physics (Bldg. 245), Rm. C301. (NIST Contact: Thomas Lucatorto, 301-975-3734, thomas.lucatorto@nist.gov)


6/2 -- TUESDAY

No Scheduled Events

6/3 -- WEDNESDAY

No Scheduled Events

6/4 -- THURSDAY

1:30 PM - STANDARDS ALUMNI ASSOCIATION AND ELECTRON AND OPTICAL PHYSICS DIVISION COLLOQUIUM: Ted Madey: Boy Scout, Friend, Scientist Superb, Shrewd Operator, or All of the Above?
Former NBS/NIST researcher, Theodore Madey was an internationally renowned prime mover in the 1960's-80's transformation of surface science from a mostly empirically-based soft science on poorly characterized systems to a theoretically-supported atomic-scale hard science of well defined systems. From 1988 until his death in 2008, he was the director of the Laboratory for Surface Modification and State of New Jersey Professor of Surface Science at Rutgers University. As former colleagues, collaborators, and friends of Ted, we will each offer our own reflections on mostly NBS/NIST-connected aspects of Ted's life, both scientific and humanistic, drawing heavily on amusing and/or informative anecdotal vignettes that we were involved in with Ted.
J. William Gadzuk , Electron and Optical Physics Division. John Yates , University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.
215 Bldg, Rm. C103-C106. (NIST Contact: Helen Felrice, 301-975-3708, helen.felrice@nist.gov)
Special Assistance Available

3:00 PM - BIOPHYSICS SEMINAR SERIES: Bioprinting Three-Dimensional Liver Cell-Embedded Tissue Analogs for In Vitro Drug Study
Recently, a Multi-Agency Strategic Plan to advance the field of tissue science and engineering was proposed with a heightened focus on the application of physical, chemical, biological, and engineering processes to control and direct the aggregate behavior of cells. While the goal of regenerative medicine in tissue engineering has traditionally been to engage innate physiological processes to rebuild functional tissue and organs, there exists a new conceptual framework that could potentially find more near-future applicability, i.e. the design and fabrication of in vitro physiological models for the purposes of diagnostics, therapeutics, and pathology. In their normal in vivo matrix milieu, tissues assume complex well-organized 3D architectures. Therefore, a primary aim in the tissue engineering design process is to fabricate an optimal analog of the in vivo scenario, in which the precise configuration and composition of cells and bioactive matrix components can establish the well-defined biomimetic microenvironments that promote cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. The advent of and refinements in microfabricated systems which can present physical and chemical cues to cells in a controllable and reproducible fashion unrealizable with conventional macroscale tissue culture can lead to high-fidelity, high-throughput in vitro models. With the convergence of layered biofabrication processes with microfabrication techniques, a 3D bioprinted micro-organ can serve as an in vitro platform for cell culture, drug screening, or to elicit further biological insights, particularly for NASA's interest of a flight-suitable high-fidelity microscale platform to study drug metabolism in space and planetary environments. This work details the principles, methods, and engineering science basis that undergird the direct cell writing fabrication process development and adaptation of microfluidic devices for the creation of a drug screening model. This model involves the combinatorial setup of an automated syringe-based, layered direct cell writing bioprinting process with micro-patterning techniques to fabricate a microscale in vitro device housing a chamber of bioprinted 3D micro-organ that biomimics the cell's natural microenvironment for enhanced performance and functionality. In order to assess the structural formability and biological feasibility of such a micro-organ, 3D cell-encapsulated hydrogel-based tissue constructs are bioprinted reproducibly in defined design patterns and biologically characterized for both viability and cell-specific function. Another key facet of the in vivo microenvironment that is recapitulated with the in vitro system is the necessary dynamic perfusion of the 3D microscale liver analog with cells probed for their collective drug metabolic function and suitability as a drug metabolism model.
Robert Chang , Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Philadelphia, PA.
221 Bldg, Rm. B145. (NIST Contact: Jeeseong Hwang, 301-975-4580, jch@nist.gov)


6/5 -- FRIDAY

3:00 PM - CNST NANOFABRICATION RESEARCH GROUP SEMINAR: 3D nanoscopy with a double-helix microscope
Abstract: Double-helix point spread function (DH-PSF) is an engineered three-dimensional (3D) PSF specifically designed for 3D position estimation and imaging. It exhibits two lobes that rotate continuously around the optical axis with propagation. An information theoretical analysis shows that the DH-PSF carries higher and more uniform Fisher Information about a particle's 3D position than the PSF of traditional imaging systems. Experiments with DH-PSF demonstrate nanometer scale 3D position localization precisions. Further, a variety of two-dimensional microscope modalities such as bright-field, dark-field, and fluorescence can be directly transformed into their 3D counterparts by placing a DH-PSF phase mask in their imaging paths. Using photoactivatable fluorophores with a DH-PSF microscope opens up avenues for improving 3D imaging resolution beyond the optical diffraction limit. Bio: Sri Rama "Prasanna" Pavani is a doctoral student in the department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Colorado - Boulder, where he is a CDM Optics fellow and a COSI Associate fellow. Prasanna's primary research interest is in developing computational optical sensing and imaging (COSI) systems to capture information that is normally lost in traditional imaging systems. In the last few years, he has applied the COSI paradigm to applications like quantitative phase imaging, 3D PSF engineering, 3D tracking / velocimetry, and recently to 3D superresolution imaging. His doctoral research has been recognized with an OSA outstanding paper award, a SPIE optical science and engineering scholarship, and two Colorado Photonics Industry Association best poster awards. More information on Prasanna's research can be found here: http://eces.colorado.edu/~pavani/
Sri Rama Prasanna Pavani , Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder.
Bldg. 217, Rm. H107. (NIST Contact: Andrew Berglund, 301-975-2844, andrew.berglund@nist.gov)


ADVANCE NOTICE

6/8/09 9:00 AM - COMPUTER SECURITY DIVISION SEMINAR: Cryptographic Key Management Workshop
Key management is a fundamental part of cryptographic technology and is considered the most difficult aspect associated with its use. Of particular concern are the scalability of the methods used to distribute keys and the usability of these methods. NIST is undertaking an effort to improve the overall key management strategies used by the public and private sectors in order to enhance usability of cryptographic technology, provide scalability across all cryptographic technologies, and support a global cryptographic key management infrastructure.
Admiral Mike McConnell, Booz Allen Hamilton , Senior Vice President and former Director of National Intelligence. Dr. George Strawn, National Science Foundation , Chief Information Officer. Dr. Vint Cerf, Google, Vice President & Chief Internet Evangelist Dr. Silvia Micali, MIT, Dugald C. Jackson Professor of Computer Science
Administration Bldg, Green Auditorium. (NIST Contact: Sara Caswell, 301-975-4634, sara@nist.gov) http://www.csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/key_mgmt/

6/11/09 10:30 AM - CNST ENERGY RESEARCH GROUP SEMINAR: Progress towards silicon germanium quantum dots
Abstract: Measurements are described on Silicon Germanium (SiGe) two dimensional electron gasses (2DEGs) and quantum dots, with the goal of using these materials to form solid state quantum bits. The role of strain fields arising from misfit dislocations is discussed, along with the influence of excess dopant atoms in the donor layer. Quantum dots are fabricated using a shallow etch technique, and coulomb blockade diamonds are seen in these devices. Bio: Ian Gelfand recently completed his Ph.D. in Applied Physics at Harvard University. His research focus was on low temperature Condensed Matter experiments, and he performed this work in Marc Kastner's group at MIT. Over the course of his studies, Ian worked extensively with silicon germanium two dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) and quantum dots, and worked with InAs 2DEGs. Additionally he did detailed studies of the Kondo effect in quantum dots. Prior to graduate school, Ian was a Fulbright Scholar in Tuebingen, Germany, where he worked in the Dieter Kern's group. Ian received his bachelor's degree from the University of Pennsylvania where he did a long thesis project on carbon nanotubes in the group of A.T. "Charlie" Johnson, a former NIST NRC postdoc.
Ian Gelfand , Applied Physics, Harvard University.
Bldg. 217, Rm. H107. (NIST Contact: Fred Sharifi, 301-975-4633, fred.sharifi@nist.gov)

6/18/09 10:30 AM - CNST ELECTRON PHYSICS GROUP SEMINAR: APPLYING NANOTRIBOLOGY TO MICRO AND NANOMECHANICAL DEVICES
The reduced length scale of contacts in micro- and nano-electromechanical systems (M/NEMS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based applications leads to tremendous increases in contact stresses, adhesive interactions, friction, tribochemical reactions, and wear. These phenomena are yet to be well-understood or controlled, creating a critical scientific challenge for the development and commercialization of these micro- and nano-technologies. I will discuss specific applications where these factors are critical, including nanomanufacturing, nanomechanical data storage, and MEMS and NEMS switches. I will then discuss experimental methodologies for measuring and understanding nanoscale tribology through combinations of AFM, other microscopies, and surface spectroscopic techniques. I will then highlight recent measurements that demonstrate how nanotribological phenomena are related to surface atomic bonding and environmental conditions. Particular emphasis will be placed on how the use of materials with excellent macroscopic tribo-mechanical properties, including diamond and diamond-like films, can provide dramatic improvements compared with silicon-based materials which are more commonly used in nanoscale applications currently.
Robert Carpick , Director, The Nanotechnology Institute, University of Pennsylvania.
Bldg.217, Rm.H107. (NIST Contact: Rachel Cannara, 301-975-4258, rachel.cannara@nist.gov)

6/22/09 10:30 AM - CNST ELECTRON PHYSICS GROUP SEMINAR: CATALYTIC CVD GROWTH OF CARBON NANOTUBES AND THEIR APPLICATION AS CHEMICAL SENSORS
Carbon based materials come in a variety of different forms that depend on how their atoms link together, such as zero-dimensional fullerenes, one-dimensional nanotubes, two-dimensional (2-D) graphene and three-dimensional (3-D) graphite. The properties of these carbon based materials can be tailored by irradiation and chemical functionalization to use them for various applications. In recent years, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been a subject of increased interest especially because of their exceptional thermal, electrical and mechanical properties which far exceed those of most bulk materials. However inspite of considerable progress in the synthesis of CNTs there still exist significant challenges like production of nanotube materials with controlled diameter, length, orientation, location and microstructure. Thus there is a need to understand the growth mechanisms of both multiwalled and singlewalled carbon nanotubes in order to synthesize them in a controlled manner. The high electrical conductivity and surface area of CNTs is motivating their application as chemical sensors. We present here a systematic study of molecular adsorption on SWNTs by measurements of the conductivity response of single walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) arrays to trace vapors for a range of linear chain and aromatic molecules. Ab initio calculations were performed with density functional theory methods to investigate the molecular adsorption of these molecules on SWNTs. Both conductance measurements and Ab initio calculations show that the adsorption energies of linear alkane, alcohol and ketone molecules increase linearly with the length of the molecule. These results indicate that the initial adsorption and conductivity response occurs with molecules predominantly lying flat on the defect-free nanotube side walls and the long time response is dominated by adsorption at defects. The difference in the conductivity responses for polar and non polar adsorbates is attributed to changes in scattering due to adsorbates. Further experiments with random arrays of carbon nanotubes reveal a strong conductivity response after exposure to aromatic molecules containing nitro functional groups, such as nitrobenzene and trinitrotoluene. Ab initio calculations also show a strong increase in adsorption energy with the addition of each nitro group to a molecule (around 100 meV) and a gradual increase with nanotube size, in agreement with preliminary experimental results. Finally, these calculations are compared with results for the adsorption at oxidation defects.
Navdeep Bajwa , Postdoctoral Fellow, The US Naval Research Laboratory.
Bldg.217, Rm.H107. (NIST Contact: Rachel Cannara, 301-975-4258, rachel.cannara@nist.gov)

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MEETINGS ELSEWHERE


6/1 -- MONDAY

No Scheduled Events

6/2 -- TUESDAY

No Scheduled Events

6/3 -- WEDNESDAY

No Scheduled Events

6/4 -- THURSDAY

No Scheduled Events

6/5 -- FRIDAY

No Scheduled Events

ADVANCE NOTICE

No Scheduled Events

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TALKS BY NIST PERSONNEL

YAGER, K. : ANALYSIS OF BLOCK-COPOLYMER THIN FILM ORDERING THROUGH A MOVING THERMAL ZONE.
92nd Canadian Chemistry Conference, Hamilton, Canada, 6/1.

KILPATRICK, L. : POSTER: USING NISTMSQC TO MONITOR CHANGES IN THE PROTEOLYTIC PRODUCTS OF HUMAN SERUM ALBUMIN DURING TRYPTIC DIGESTION.
57th ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry, Philadelphia, PA, 6/1.

COFFMAN, V. : CHALLENGES IN UNDERSTANDING INTERGRANULAR FRACTURE IN POLYCRYSTALS.
Society of Experimental Mechanics 2009 Annual Conference, Albuquerque, NM, 6/2.

NAJARRO, M. : HIGH PRECISION MEASUREMENTS OF RDX IN C4 BY GCINCI-MS.
American Society for Mass Spectrometry (ASMS), Philadelphia, PA, 6/2.

STAYMATES, M. : THE MEASUREMENT SCIENCE OF TRACE EXPLOSIVES DETECTION.
Penn State University, State College, PA, 6/4.

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ANNOUNCEMENTS

PUBLICATIONS PRINTING DEADLINE AUGUST 14, 2009
August 14 is the last day in FY 2009 to submit materials using FY 2009 funds to the Electronic Information and Publications Group (EIPG) for printing at the Department of Commerce or Government Printing Office. To assure timely processing, bring your Editorial Review Board-approved document or administrative printing job and appropriate paperwork to the EIPG office by close of business on Friday, August 14, 2009. The office is located on the mezzanine floor of the NIST Research Library in the Administration Building, Room E220. Questions? Ilse Putman, x2780 or Barbara Silcox, x2146.
NIST Contact: Ilse Putman, 301-975-2780, ilse.putman@nist.gov

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NIST WEB SITE ANNOUNCEMENTS

No Web Site announcements this week.

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For more information, contact Ms. Sharon Hallman, Editor, Stop 2500, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD 20899-2500; Telephone: 301-975-TCAL (3570); Fax: 301-926-4431; or Email: tcal@nist.gov.

All lectures and meetings are open unless otherwise stated.

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